| LESSON 1 INTRODUCTION
AND OVERVIEW
“Idealism is fine, but as it approaches
reality, the costs become prohibitive,”
— William F. Buckley, Jr.
INTRODUCTION
In this session, we will examine the range of strategies and principles
involved in regenerating societies hobbled by recurring, violent political
conflict. To that end, the word “rebuilding” is used to
signify a process that is both self-sustaining and indicative of an
evolutionary course which can move nations beyond their preexisting
malaise. This rebuilding process spans the range of activities from
peacekeeping to capacity-building, from reconstruction to economic
development. These endeavors and others are undertaken in an effort
to cultivate in those citizens most affected by political violence
a motivation to “prioritize future goals [for their nation and
themselves] beyond their immediate survival.” (Michael Pugh,
Regeneration of War-Torn Societies, St. Martin’s Press, New
York, 2000, p. 2. ) It is important also to understand the sources
and nature of a conflict as well as the point in the conflict cycle
in which international intervention is most usefully directed. Comprehending
the political, economic, structural, and perceptual sources of a
conflict must underscore any international effort or peace operation
aimed at preventing, mitigating, and managing conflict. Military
and nonmilitary techniques may include preventive diplomacy, crisis
management, peacemaking, peace enforcement, peacekeeping, and conflict
resolution.
OBJECTIVES
- Understand course requirements and objectives.
- Examine the overarching themes of how the international community
(with a focus on the U.S.) should help states deal with seemingly
intractable conflicts and political and economic decline.
- Understand how defining national interests impact the nature
of international intervention.
ISSUES FOR DISCUSSION
- What are some of the global trends in terms of peace and conflict?
- Do the official definitions of peace operations conform to
the realities of 2006?
- How does U.S. doctrine address issues of peacekeeping, peace-enforcement,
and peace building?
- How has the Global War on Terrorism changed the nature of intervening
in weak and collapsed states??
- How has the international political situation affected the
conduct of peace operations?
- Does U.S. doctrine adequately address important issues in peace
operations?
REQUIRED READING
Marshall and Gurr, “Peace and Conflict,” Center for
International Development and Conflict Management. pp.1-15. (On
Blackboard)
“The International Community and State Reconstruction in
War-Torn Societies,” Conflict, Security, and Development.
(On Blackboard)
Michael Pugh, Regeneration of War-Torn Societies, “Introduction,”
pages 1-12. (Handout)
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