McNair Paper Number 50, Chapter 2, Notes, August 1996

1. Marvin A. Kreidberg and Merton G. Henry, History of Military Mobilization in the United States Army, 1775-1945 (Washington, DC: Headquarters, U.S. Army, 1955), 192-194.

2. J.M. Scammell, "History of the Industrial College of the Armed Forces 1924-1946," unpublished manuscript (National Defense University Library), 5. Scammell quotes David Lloyd George's memoirs thusly: "it is one of the inexplicable paradoxes of history, that the greatest machine-producing nation on earth failed to turn out the mechanisms of war after 18 months of sweating and hustling. . . . There were no braver or more fearless men in any Army, but the organization at home and behind the lines was not worthy of the reputation which American business men have deservedly won for smartness, promptitude and efficiency" (Scammell, 4). The author quotes General John J. Pershing similarly: "It seems, 'odd' that with American genius for manufacturing from iron and steel, we should find ourselves after a year and a half of war almost without these mechanical contrivances which had exercised such a great influence on the western front in reducing infantry losses" (Scammell, 4).

3. Kreidberg and Henry, 493.

4. Kreidberg and Henry, 496-497. How to prepare Army officers for this responsibility, when knowledge of industry was absent in the military, became a problem early on. This difficulty led to the creation of the Army Industrial College (Scammell, 18, 19).

5. Terrence J. Gough, "Soldiers, Businessmen and US Industrial Mobilization Planning Between the World Wars, " War&Society 9, no. 1 ( May, 1991): 68, 69. Gough writes: "important elements of the army continued to give short shrift to the critical role of procurement in the 20s and 30s." George Marshall himself was criticized by a logistician for paying insufficient attention to supply planning. There was so much acrimony between G-3 (Operations) and the logisticians that there was a lack of coordination between G-3 and the Office of the Assistant Secretary of War throughout these two crucial decades.

6. Kreidberg and Henry, 499-502.

7. Kreidberg and Henry, 499-502.