Notes

Outline

Toward a multilateral security scheme Conflict Resolution in Latin America Best Practices in the Southern Cone Francisco Rojas-Aravena frrojas@flacso.cl

International Change: It’s impact on hemispheric security The end of the Cold War Globalization and Democracy Change of sovereignty Consolidation of disarmament policies Institutionalizing security matters

Southern Cone:Tendencies that favor cooperation in defense and security Democracy and its manifestation through political will to solve differences Commercial and economic integration, as well as an  increase in interdependence Multilateral agreements in the political strategic issues. New diplomatic environment Promotion of  control and limitation of arms, as well as distension willingness in  defense and security matters

Lessons from a process of resolution of differences: Argentina-Brasil, Chile-Argentina Political rationality in the decisions taken during crisis situations  Shared values  Overcoming territorial differences Growing interdependence Shared perception of risks Confidence-Building Measures  (CBM)   play a key role

Confidence Building Measures Allow: The CBMs to prevent risks in highly conflictive situations The CBMs are effective and they generate confidence                                    if they are in a generalized cooperation environment. Also require substantive political willingness to promote them The CBMs are specific to each geographic, political and military situation The CBMs have a high bilateral and subregional effectiveness The CBMs are key in the process and they make possible the                        realization of goals

Main concepts for defense cooperation & CBMs development  Gradual process  Flexibility  Balance  Symmetry  Preferential treatment  New actors

Institutionalization Formal institutionalized structures Confidence Building Measures Coordinated  action Design mandatory international regimes

Bilateral institutionalization: Argentine-Brazil - Chile-Argentine

Some important issues for Latin American - Asian international security matters International Stability.       Southern Cone in peace keeping operations: East Timor, Cambodia, Irak--Kuwait Global Risk:     Transport of nuclear toxic waste,International crime Difficulties to global commerce:       Panama canal, Straits of Malaca, Straits of Taiwan, Penninsula  of Korea Combined military exercises: RIMPAC

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